THE ANCIENT AFRICA.

The ancient name of the African continent is "Al'Kebul'An" meaning "Mother of Mankind." It is the oldest and the only word of indigenous origin that was used by the Moors, Nubians, Carthagenians (Khart-Haddans), and Ethiopians.
The name Africa, adopted by almost everyone today, was given by the Greeks and continued by the Romans. It is recorded from the time when the Roman Empire took occupation of the majority of the continent. The practice in these type of occupation was the complete disconnection of the local people with their own culture, deities and knowledge, by renaming all the icons, thereby disconnecting the significance, meaning, and sacredness from any specific belief.
Africa is distinctly unique among the 7 continents. It is the second-largest (a fifth of the earth's total land mass) continent both in size and population (1 billion). About 15% of the world's population resides in Africa. It is rich in cultural heritage and diversity (people speak over 1,500 different languages), and has an enormous wealth of natural resources.
The longest river in the world, the Nile (6,650 km/4,132 mi), is located in Africa. The world's largest desert, the Sahara, is in Africa too, which is almost the size of the United States. Victoria Falls, in addition, is the largest waterfall in the African continent, it is 355 feet high and one mile wide. The largest island in Africa, also the fourth largest in the world, is Madagascar. Lake Victoria is the largest one in the continent and the second-largest freshwater lake in the world, spanning 26,830 square miles.
The highest point of the continent is Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. It rises 5,895 m/19,340 ft above sea level.
According to paleontology, the early hominids evolved in Africa 10 to 5 million years ago. Around 1.8 million years ago, the working man first appeared in the fossil record. They were fairly small brained and used primitive stone tools. The earliest physical evidence of astronomical activity appears to be a lunar calendar found on a bone dated to between 23,000 and 18,000 BC. Around 16,000 BC, from the Red Sea hills to the Northern Ethiopian Highlands, nuts, grasses, and tubers were being collected for food. By 13,000 to 11,000, people began collecting wild grains. Between 10,000 and 8,000 BC, North East Africa was cultivating wheat and barley and raising sheep and cattle. A wet climatic phase turned the Ethiopian Highlands into a mountain forest. Around 7,000BC, the settlers domesticated donkeys. Cushitic speakers, partially turning away from cattle herding, domesticated love-grass (teff) and finger millet between 5,500 and 3,500 BC.
The first major civilization in Africa was Egypt, centered about the Nile River delta, and it truly began around 3,150 BC when the ruler Nemes unified the entire area into a kingdom. They referred to the people West of the Nile, ancestral to the Berbers, as Libyans. The Libyans were agriculturalists like the Mauri of Morocco and the Numidians of Central and Eastern Algeria and Tunis. They were also nomadic, having the horse, and occupied the arid pastures and desert. Berber desert nomads were typically in conflict with Berber coastal agriculturalists.
The ancient history of ancient Africa is inextricable linked to that of the Ancient Near East. Nubia was a major source of copper as well as gold. The use of gold and silver in Egypt dates back to the pre-dynastic period.
The Phoenicians were Mediterranean seamen in constant search for valuable metals such as copper, gold, tin, and lead. They began to populate the North African coast with settlements -trading and mixing with the native Berbers.
In the Horn of Africa, a peninsula in the East, South West of the Red Sea, an ancient kingdom centered in then city of Axum ruled modern-day Eritrea, Northern Ethiopia and the coastal area of the Western part of the Arabian Peninsula. The ancient Egyptians established ties with the Land of Punt, an ancient kingdom, in 2,350 BC. Punt was a trade partner and it was located in modern-day Somalia, Dji'Bouti or Eritrea.
South Africa, the area of the continent that lies South of the Sahara desert, developed independent in those times.